Cotesia congregata Songs
All species of Cotesia produce courtship songs via wing fanning.
Video: This Cotesia congregata male is singing to an immobilized female. Note the pause before the high-amplitude wing strokes. This video was taken at 2000 fps and slowed to 30 fps. See Bredlau et al. 2013.
Oscillograph of typical male courtship song of Cotesia congregata with a buzz followed by boings. (A) Complete song. (B) Expanded selection of four boings illustrating the initial high amplitude component followed by a lower amplitude terminal buzz and short pause. Modified from Bredlau & Kester, 2015.
We have described the songs of several more species of Cotesia and the evolutionary patterns among them (see publication).
Click on the waveform to hear the song.
Each waveform shows two seconds.
